In today’s show we’re talking about blood sugar and the gut, new connections with blood sugar and the immune system, expanding more on the link with obesity and covid -19, a new microvascular complication in COVID-19 and strategies to optimize the cells of your cardiovascular system with exercise and more.
NOTES and Quotes:
“COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading pandemic. Type 2 diabetes is one of the principal comorbidity of patients with COVID-19, resulting as an independent predictor for worse outcomes. Maintaining a good glycemic control is mandatory, as both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are associated with enhanced inflammatory profile and acute cardiovascular event.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7375203/
Overall, the improved postprandial blood glucose levels and increase in incretins observed in the absence of changes in insulin sensitivity and gluconeogenesis, support an enteroinsular mechanistic pathway in youth with type 2 diabetes treated with short-term metformin.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32728891/
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) facilitates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 (Ziegler et al., 2020). ACE2 is expressed in many human tissues including the lungs, serving as the doorway by which the virus can enter and spread
Articles have alluded that the level of ACE-2 expression in adipose tissue is higher when compared to that in the lung tissue (Belan�ci�c et al., 2020)
This study demonstrates that ACE2 expression in adipose tissue is higher than that in lung tissue, a major target tissue affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although, ACE2 up-regulation may be detrimental for COVID-19 in obese patients, this alone may not explain the severity of COVID-19 among obese patients
Excessive adipose tissue in obesity secretes angiotensin 2 (AT2), which is a hormone with inflammatory properties and is generated in the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) pathway. Obesity and insulin resistance are strongly linked with RAS activity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4038773/pdf/WJC-6-245.pdf
“A new pulmonary complication called microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome (MicroCLOTS)
Since the vascular endothelium is a dynamic endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine organ with a vital role in regulating vascular tone and homoeostasis , its dysfunction leads to detrimental shifts in the vascular equilibrium towards vasoconstriction (manifesting clinically as organ ischemia, infarction and intrapulmonary shunting), inflammation, and a pro-coagulant state resulting in thrombosis [10]
Similarly, addressing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting the inflammatory response will likely be the underpinnings of a successful preventive and therapeutic strategy.”
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